Editing task

This clip is from the film The Birds (1963), which was directed by Alfred Hitchcock. The pace of the editing at the beginning is quite slow, showing a long shot of the female protagonist running out of a diner. The use of diegetic sound at the beginning is also effective as we hear the loud sound of the birds shrieking, however, when she enters the phone box, the sound becomes less potent. This suggests to the audience that the phone box is protecting her from the danger of outside. This only lasts for a few seconds as the sound of the birds slowly gets louder. The use the repeated eyeline match forces the audiences' attention on the chaos outside. The fast pace of the straight cuts back and forth, from her and the car on fire, builds tension. Also, the use of constant juxtaposition makes the audience feel like they are in her position. There is then a high angle shot on the female protagonist, also known as a tilt, which shows her as a helpless, vulnerable, submissive character. 

It then jumps to another juxtaposition shot, the eyeline match is her looking at a car, which is driving towards her at high speed. It then cuts to a medium close up of her flinching and turning away from the camera. There is then a straight cut focusing on the man in the car, who is being attacked by the violent birds. There is then a jump cut back to our female protagonist, this is a close up and only half of her face is shown as she is hiding behind the telephone stand. This gives the impression that she is terrified and is in great danger. The mans face in the car is not clearly shown, which suggests that Hitchcock didn't want the audience to get too attached to this character as he isn't really significant. After the man drives off, there is another straight cut to the main character, however, all these straight cuts to the female protagonist are no longer than one second shots, this is extremely fast pace, which creates suspension. There is then a long shot of the car skidding, and fire in the background, which again suggests danger. She then attempts to get out of the phone box, with the camera titling up at her. We are then presented with the sound of sirens, which again symbolises some need of help. The jump cut of a close up of her hand, focuses the viewers to see her push the phone box door shut again. There is then another example of juxtaposition, where an eyeline match of her looking and the fire engine pulling up at the gas station. The constant use of this, puts the viewer in her shoes and really get a sense of what she is experiencing. The use of the third tilt (downward) emphasises her subversiveness. We can also infer that because it is a medium close up (different from the other tilt shots) of her, suggests that she is in a state of panic as it looks like she is in a tighter and more confined space. There is another eyeline match, which in cinematography is called a point-of-view shot. There is then a straight cut to a horse and carriage, which like the car earlier on in the scene, speeds towards her. There is then a brief jump cut to a close up of her face/eye. There is then a couple more straight cuts of her, which is then followed by a sharp jump cut to another tilt shot. We then see another jump cut to a mans bloody face, this forces the viewer to look at him as it is unexpected and sudden. The use of the eyeline match, suggests she sees an opportunity to escape. Which is then followed by her opening the door, but with her back facing the camera. As a viewer we want to see what her facial expression is when she is doing this, so this is quite frustrating as an audience member. There is then another sudden jump cut of the bird smashing into the glass, which has taken her aback. 
Finally, there is then a long shot of the outside of the phone box, where a man comes to her rescue and helps her out of the phone box. There is a frenetic pace for the entreaty of this scene. I think Hitchcock did this to build up tension and make the audience feel uneasy. In addition, there was not any dialogue used in this scene, this may be because Hitchcock wanted to emphasise all the attention on the sound of the birds, which again makes the audience feel uncomfortable as the sound is very unsettling.

Cinematography

Saving Private Ryan

We are first presented with a medium shot of the American flag blowing in the wind. Panning is then used, which pans up from the back of his feet to the back of his head. This creates suspense, as we are not shown his face instantly. This can be also described as a point-of-view shot as we are then shown a medium shot of his family looking at him from behind. There is then a medium close up of what we presume is his son or son in law taking a photograph. A medium close up is then shown of his wife with the rest of the family being in a medium shot. From this we can infer that she may be more significant then the rest of the family. An establishing shot is then used to show the location. This is also a panning shot as it moves from where the family were walking to a close up of him at the front. We then finally get to see a medium close up of the male protagonist. There is then another shot of the American flag, but this time it is a medium shot, and one of the French flag. The camera then goes back to a medium shot of the male protagonist, which clearly shows the expression on his face. He is looking ahead of him, but the audience has not yet been showed what he is looking at. A long shot of him and his family walking is shown, slowly showing the head stones of soldiers that fought in the war. A crane shot is used to show the hundreds of head stones of the soldiers that died during the war. We are then presented with multiple long shots of the head stones. Lastly, we are shown a medium shot of him and his family, which then starts to zoom in, leaving us with a big close up of his eyes.

Sound Task

This clip is from Jurassic World. This scene uses diegetic sound such as the rustling sound that comes from when the two boys are running through the grass. Also, the dinosaur roaring and stomping on the ground is another example of diegetic sound as the characters can hear it. Furthermore, there is things like dialogue, the waterfall, and the sound of the two boys jumping into the water, which are other examples of diegetic sound. However, the soundtrack/music is an example of non-diegetic sound. I would say that the soundtrack/music is contrapuntal as it is classical music that is being played. This enhances the level of terror as it is not what you would normally expect to be played in an action/running scene.

Sound Presentation

Film Language: Lighting

This image uses low-key lighting, from the left side of her face is the key light. There is not much filler light, which creates a mysterious atmosphere. Also, there is back lighting, which suggests that this might be film-noire genre. 

This image also uses low-key lighting, which again creates a mysterious atmosphere. Top lighting is used here to emphasise her beauty and is used in glamorous and  romantic movies.  

This image is high key lighting as there are more filler lights used and key lights. This may be to give a natural look to the image. Furthermore, there is top lighting being used in this image to create a dark shadow under his eyes, which makes him look quite evil/ intimidating.

This image uses low-key lighting as most of this image is blackened. The right of his face is lighted by the key light. In addition, you can see the rain the background, which suggests that there is back lighting being used to make the rain show up in this shot.

The key lighting is coming from the left as her face is lit up. This image uses low-key lighting as there is a shadow on the wall, which creates a dramatic element and feel to this image. This image uses chiarocuro. 

This is an example of high key lighting. Although this image is quite dark and has some shadows on the mans face of the blind, it is natural light. The contrast between light and dark is much less pronounced, this is how we can tell this image is high-key.  

This image is just uses back lighting as silhouettes have been created. The overexposed background can also tell us that this image uses back lighting.

This image is low-key lighting as silhouette are also created and there is a clear contrast between light and dark. The key light is on the left side of her face. And there is hardly any filler light. This creates a dramatic and mysterious feel to the image.

This image is an example of high-key lighting as there are no shadows projected on the wall behind him. It is also very natural and looks like he is outside. There also might be a top light used in this image as there is a shadow where his neck is.

This image uses low-key lighting. There is a back light used to create a silhouette. There is also a key light coming from the right side of his face as this side is lit. This image is very dark, which creates a  creepy and intense atmosphere.

This image uses high-key lighting as it looks like it has been taken at night, which in that instance high-key lighting is used to give it a natural feel. The key light is projected from the bottom left corner as his arm is very overexposed and also there is a shadow on the wall.

Film Language: Mise-en-scene

Setting and Props

From this image we can interpret that she is fighting for something or in battle of some sort as she has a set of bow and arrows. Also, the fire in the background suggests that she is in an environment where there is a lot of destruction. 

Lighting and Colour

The red/orange flames in the back suggests that she is in some sort of danger. The rest of the frame is quite brown in  colour, which suggests that where she is standing is all burnt and destroyed.

Costumes, hair, make-up 

She is wearing a some sort of protective gear, which again suggest she is ready to fight. Her hair is tide back and she has no make-up on, which shows that it is not a glamorous event.

Facial expression and body language
Her facial expression is very serious, it seems like she is looking at something that perhaps is upsetting, which has shocked her.

Position of character/s and objects in frame
The female protagonist is standing centre of frame, suggesting she is the main focus of this shot. The other objects work as a backdrop.



The house at the end of the street

This scene begins with a male protagonist in the kitchen, from the setting we can interpret that the house itself is very mysterious and strange. The lighting is very grey and dull, which suggest that this is not a very happy home. When he is making the food in the kitchen, we presume that the food is for him, however, when he pulls out the tray we see that it maybe for someone else. When the man walks down the stairs, there are old pictures, perhaps of family members, on the wall. His facial expression, when in the kitchen and walking down the stairs, is very serious.  When the man opens the door to where the girl is, he pauses for a second, which could suggest that there is something behind that door that makes him quite anxious. The girl in basement is dressed in a white nightie, suggesting she is someone that needs looking after, as it reminds us of a hospital gown.  




The Wizard of Oz

The setting first starts with the image being black and white, however, at the end when she opens the door to find herself in another place, it is in colour. We can tell this movie is set in the 1950s by what they are wearing. It is set on a farm as there are stables and chickens running around. The dresses that the girl is wearing, implies that she is from a working class family. From their facial expressions we can interpret that the are in some sort of danger, besides the obvious point that there is a tornado. 




ET

This scene is set outdoors in the woods. The setting is very natural and has nothing around except the trees and two characters.  As soon as we see the figure in the white cloak face, we can tell that this is a Sci-Fi/Fantasy movie as he is some sort alien/extra terrestrial. We can also see that it is a family movie as there is a boy dressed up in a halloween costume. His facial expression when in the air with ET is scared at first, but then when he realises he is having fun  he becomes very happy. The bicycle suggests they are going somewhere or running away from someone as the boy keeps looking behind him.

Film Poster Analysis

 

1.  I think this film is about a man who is fighting for something, hence the gun/piece of machinery in his hand, which gives an element of action/suspense.

2.  The genre of this movie is sci-fi. However, it depicts an action genre too.

3. Personally, the target audience is young males ageing between 15-30.

1. I think this movie is about a group of teens that go to a haunted house. The sayings on the girls' t-shirts suggests this movie is one that makes fun or imitates other scary movies, such as The Sixth Sense.

2. The genres of this movie are both comedy and horror. From the title of the movie it states that is a 'scary' movie which suggests to the audience that it is a horror. In contrast, the quote on the top of the poster reads 'Absolutely Hilarious', which implies it is also a comedy.

3. In my opinion, the target audience is teens/young adults.

1. From this, I think this film is quite dramatic and depressing. From the low lighting and the pose of the man, you can tell it is quite serious. Also, from the title, we know that this is a foreign film.

2. I think the genre is drama, this is again because of the lighting being quite dark and gloomy.

3. I think the target audience is adults raging from the ages of 25-50.

  

1. I think this film is about a boy who has discovered a hole in the ground, simply by just looking at the picture. The boy is centre of the image, which suggests that he is the main character in this film.

2. From the title I can infer that this film is possibly a drama or a thriller. 

3. I think the target audience are 20-40 year olds.

1. I think this movie is about a city that is quite dark and miserable, possibly even violent. There is no saturation in the image, which implies seriousness. However, the font of the title is in block capitals, in red, which  straight away draws you to the title.

2. The genre of this movie is most likely a thriller or action or crime movie.
3. The target audience I think are young adults between the ages of 18-30, mainly men.

1.  This movie looks like its a pirate adventure.  This is because there is an image of a pirate and a skull between the title.
2. From this image we can tell its an adventure, fantasy movie, as there is a picture of a pirate ship and the main character is a pirate. Also, the font of the title suggests that it is set in the past.
3. The target audience for this movie is children between the ages of 10-15.

1. This movie looks like a modern take on the classic novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen.  Also, we can tell from the image it is set in India as we can see the famous landmark, the Taj Mahal. The image is also split by the title (Bride on one side & Prejudice on the other) and by the two main characters, we can see on the left that the male character is perhaps from New York or Hollywood and the female character is from India.
2.  The genre of the movie is a romantic comedy we can tell this from the quote at the top of the image "Spectacular, romantic, funny and so sexy".
3.  The target audience of this movie is between the ages of 18-30, mainly women.

1.  From this movie poster, I think the movie is about a female boxer. From the dim lighting and the shadowy effect, we can tell that this is a serious film.
2. The genre of this movie is drama as the image portrays a  seriousness.
3. I think the target audience for this movie is 16-30 year olds. Quite a wide age range as sports can appeal to anyone.